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Bhoonte
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Posted on 12-11-05 7:39
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Though the Parties may have moved in a rather unexpected path to reach an understanding with the Masoists, the so-called alliance has an inherent risk of collapsing sooner than later. The parties may need to do something more dramatic, may be just to bluff the Palace if for nothing else. A very interesting article by Ashutosh Tiwari. source: - http://www.nepalitimes.com/issue276/strictly_business.htm The article may not follow the orthodox political path that many Sajhaites may be accustomed to. But thanks to the author's wide spectrum of knowledge and commonsense, this artilce is very interesting and equally persuasive.
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Nepe
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Posted on 12-22-05 12:48
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Ashu, You sure should continue to write, stimulate and all that. However, the case at hand is the accusation that one of your conclusions/propositions that the political parties should take part in the election to defeat the King is ridiculous and that you ABUSED Schelling's name and Game Theory to give credit to that proposition. You sure are not done yet. It's your turn to present your 'proof' to your 'conclusion'. It does not have to be in 'sexy mathematical model'. Simple argument in layman's language will suffice. So, are you upto it, or would rather prefer to live in the illusion that you won the argument by stating that you believe that the accuser is a "Marxist", "Intellectually dishonest" and "so-called scientist" ?
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ashu
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Posted on 12-23-05 3:27
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Nepe, No. Sorry, I don't think I abused game theory ko notions to peddle a political stance. You are flat out wrong on this. Below is an extract from the ORIGINAL: Let's look at the evidece first Source: - http://www.nepalitimes.com/issue276/strictly_business.htm QUOTE: That is why to make threats credible in times ahead, the parties need to be strategically unpredictable and do things that no one expects them to do. One such action might be to let go of all old politicians and replace them with stridently republican ones. Another might be to call the palace’s bluff, take part in internationally supervised elections and thereby increase the odds of emerging with an electoral mandate to set a new agenda that their adversaries would have to react to. Yes, given present realities, both of these actions are indeed crazy. But they are consistent with Schelling’s conclusion that in politics, as in life, a purposeful indulgence in craziness can be of strategic advantage. When other sides find your behaviour unpredictable, they end up believing your threats and do what you actually want them to do. UNQUOTE You have -- in your self-selective fashion -- POUNCED on ONLY the "election" suggestion, while keeping quiet about the "republican" recommendation. Why? Look, I don't know what the parties will do, but EITHER of these actions will meet my (and Shelling's notion of) 'acting crazily' in this context for the parties to gain a strategic advantage. How? Here's the logic: No one expects the parties to replace their corrupt, publicly discredited netas with young ones. No one expects the parties to take part in the elections. These two things are pretty much established notions in Nepali politics. And the king and his boys will make their 'election moves' and any other moves by keeping the parties' well-known stance in mind. And what has been the result of all that so far? The parties are reduced to reacting to the King's script which, in turn, has already taken into account the predictability of the parties' stance. That's why, to make sure that the King is forced to change his script or at least be unsure of it, you have to offer him some degree of unpredictability about your behaviour. [Aside: Think of what Tory leader Margaret Thatcher mockingly wrote of her opponent Neil Kinnock (the then Labour Party leader) in her autobio, to the effect of: "Thank you, Neil, for always remaining predictable, and thereby never letting me down") In contrast, Kinnock's successor Tony Blair acted unpredictably, co-opted the policies of Thatcher, disoriented the Tories, and used Thacther's policies to win the janata's vote defeat Thatcher's party in 1997.] Coming to the issue at hand, intellectually, if you were an honest academic, Nepe, what should be at dispute is HOW MUCH of strategic advantage (in terms of probablities) will either of my recommended move bring to the parties (assuming they are, for our discussion purposes, taken as a monolithic entity). But you don't do that; you are far more interested in PERSONALISING this kura-kani by accusing me with abusing this or abusing that than in furthering the debate in any meaningful manner. [And once you start mocking me, which you did ion your first posting oin thgis thread, what choices do I have other than to call you a third-rate scientist, which you are? But let me not digress.] Fortunately, this is where the model of your anonymous and level-headed student is helpful to look into the DEGREE of advantages offered by either move. He concluded that there is ANOTHER conclusion, that the parties should stay where they are now, and his conclusion was to the effect of: "The parties should be resolute, [and watch the King falter after time T]." OK. That's ONE conclusion based on CERTAIN assumptions and the logic that flows within those boundaries. It is, as any game theorist worth his salt knows, NOT the fool-proof truth. Look, we are all dealing with probablities here; and NOT the absolute truth, which only the reality can show us as events unfold in Nepal. Meantime, yes, I think parties need to be unpredictable in their move. That is consistent with Schelling's core insight. As for disagreements as to HOW to BE and TO WHAT DEGREE to be unpredictable or EVEN TO REMAIN PREDICTABLE are all matters OPEN to further debate. oohi ashu
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HelloSajha
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Posted on 12-23-05 6:46
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Read for about half an hour and guess what? The formula mesmerised me, Thumbs up for the creator. Well, I do share my views with making Nepal a much safter destination and a better place to live.
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pire
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Posted on 12-23-05 1:04
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interesting discussion, tara euta kura chitta bujhena. How do you rank yourself as an economist if you think nepe is third ranked scientist? tapai second rank economist ho ki, first rank ho ki, fourth rank ho? may be it is better not to accuse other while making arguments. Enjoyed rest of the arguments tho.
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dodhare
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Posted on 12-23-05 1:26
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चुनावमा भाग लिने र पार्टीहरुमा नयां अनुहारहरुले नेतृत्व लिने जस्ता अप्रत्यासित निर्णयले पार्टीहरुलाई बलियो बनाउछ भन्ने आशुको सुझावहरुबाट प्रजातन्त्रवादीहरुले मान हानी भएको महसुस गर्नु पर्ने म देख्दिन। नेपालको राजनितिमा राजा, पार्टी र माओवादीहरुले त्रिपक्षिय खेल खेलिरहेका छन। ती शक्तिहरु मध्ने पार्टीहरुको अबस्था कमजोर रहेको पनि स्पष्ट छ। अर्कोलाई कमजोर बनाएर नै आफू बलियो होईन्छ। राजा र माओवादीको रणनीति आफू बलियो हुने छ। सैन्य शक्ति र स्वतन्त्र अनि अनअपेक्षित रुपमा निर्णय लिन सक्ने हिसाबले उनीहरु बलिया पनि छन्। तर पार्टीहरु आफू आफैमा पूर्ण र स्वतन्त्र छैनन्। किन? पार्टीहरुको स्पष्ट रणनीति नै छैन। भोलि माओवादीहरु पार्टीहरुसंग एकतर्फी निर्णय गरेर पार्टीसंगको समझदारी तोड्न सक्छन। त्यति गर्दा पनि उनीहरु कमजोर देखिने छैनन्। किनभने उनीहरुको चाल सधै अप्रत्यासित र अनअपेक्षित हुन्छ। किन र के का लागि उनीहरुले त्यो चाल चले भन्ने सबैका लागि अड्कल काट्ने विषय मात्र रहन्छ। त्यस्तै गरी माओवादीहरुले हिंसात्मक गतिविधि शुरु गरे भने उनीहरुको समझदारी आफैमा टुङ्गिन्छ। यस्तो अवस्थामा एकातिर उनीहरु माओवादीलाई साथ दिन सक्दैनन् भने अर्कोतिर उनीहरुको लामो समय बिना परिणाम खेर गैसकेको हुनेछ। राजासितको घुर्की र माओवादीसंगको मिलनले पार्टीहरु परजीवि प्राणी जस्ता भएका छन्। उनीहरु राजा र माओवादीको चालको बीचमा पेण्डुलम बनेर झुण्डिएका छन्। आज जसरी उनीहरु माओवादीसंग मिलेका छन्, त्यसरी नै भोलि उनीहरु सत्ताका लागि राजासित हात मिलाउंदैनन् भन्न सकिन्न। उनीहरुको समस्या या डर भनेको केवल राजाको चाल अड्कल काट्न नसक्नु मात्र हो। राजा र पार्टीहरु बीचको दूरी बढ्नुको कारण पनि त्यत्ति हो। यसरी हेर्दा पार्टीहरुको हरेक निर्णयले उनीहरुलाई कमजोर मात्र बनाएको छ। भ्रष्ट, अस्थिर, अन्यौल, अदूरदर्शी उनीहरुको पहिचान बनिसकेका छन्। संसदको बिघटन गर्न शिफारिस गर्नु, त्यसपछि राजाले गठन गरेको मन्त्रिपरिषदमा आफू सामेल हुनु, पछि आफू हट्छा विरोध गर्नु, आफू मन्त्री हुंदा राजाको भत्ता बढाउनु, बाहिरिएपछि त्यसैको बिरोधमा सडकमा उत्रिनु जस्ता कुराहरुले उनीहरु कति गहिराईमा छन् भन्ने मात्र देखाउंछ। बिचराहरुले राजाको मन्त्रीमण्डलमा आफू समावेश भएर राजालाई बैधानिक र चोखो बनाउन मात्र टेवा पुर्žयाएको अहिले बुझे। अहिले माओवादीहरुसंगको सांठगांठले कस्तो असर ल्याउंछ भन्ने हेक्का पनि उनीहरुमा पक्कै छैन।
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dodhare
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Posted on 12-23-05 1:27
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राजा सकृय भएकोमा पार्टीहरुले विरोध किन गरेका हुन भन्ने पनि मैले बुझेको छैन। राजा त संसद बिघटन हुनु भन्दा धेरै पहिले देखि सकृय भएका हुन। नेपाली कांग्रेस र एमालेको दुई तिहाई भन्दा बढी मत भएको संसदले शिफारिस गरेको न्यायधिस, गभर्नर, निर्वाचन आयुक्त र प्राय: सतप्रतिशत राजदूतहरुको फेरबदल गर्न राजाले कसरी सके? यी कुराहरु नै उनीहरुको पतनका मापदण्ड हुन् जो अहिलेसम्म परिवर्तन भएको देखिदैन। यसरी पार्टीहरु आफू आफैमा कमजोर रहेको अवस्थामा राजाले आफ्नो समय माओवादीमा केन्द्रित गरे। माओवादी नेतृत्वको विवाद र झगडालाई जनसामू ल्याउने काम राजाले नै गरे। भारतीयहरुसंगको सांठगांठ र अहिले पार्टीहरुसंग मिल्नु पर्ने बाध्यताले तुलसी गिरीले भनेझै उनीहरुको कमजोरी नै दर्शाउंछ। काठमाण्डुमा सीमित नै सही तर पार्टीहरुको सरकार हुंदा जस्तो माओवादीको ज्यादति अहिले छैन। यसबाट राजाको सरकारले केही न केही सही गरेको प्रष्ट हुन्छ। अब राजा मात्र चुनाव गराउने ध्याउन्नमा छन्। चुनाव मात्र भने राजाको लक्ष हैन। राजाको सफलताको लागि माओवादीले हिंसात्मक गतिविधि छोड्नु हुंदैन र पार्टीहरुले चुनावमा भाग लिनु हुंदैन। ईराकमा अमेरिकाले स्वतन्त्र र शान्तिपूर्ण निर्वाचन गराउन सक्न भने राजाले नेपालमा पनि सक्छन्। माओवादीको चेतावनीका बाबजुध उम्मेदवारको कमी हुने छैन। के अहिलेका जिल्ला र अञ्चलका पदाधिकारीहरुलाई माओवादीको डर छैन र? माओवादीले चुनाव बिथोल्दा पनि राजालाई नै फाईदा हुन्छ। २-४ जना उम्मेदवारको ६ ईन्च घटेर राजालाई के घाटा हुन्छ? १२-१३ हजार नेपालीको ६ ईन्च घटेर माओवादी नेतृत्वलाई के फरक परेको छ? राजनितिको खेल। भने, माओवादीको हिंसात्मक गतिविधि बढेमा जस्तै भएपनि निर्वाचित सरकारलाई विदेशीले समर्थन गर्नु पर्ने बाध्यता हुन्छ। त्यसैले पार्टीका असक्षमता र माओवादीको हिंसा राजाका लागि श्राप हैन वरदान सिद्ध छन्।
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dodhare
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Posted on 12-23-05 1:28
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यस्तो परिस्थितिमा पार्टीहरु राजसंस्थाको अन्त्यका लागि लडेका छन। अब उनीहरुले आफूले आफैलाई मूल्याङ्कन गर्नु पर्ने समय आएको छ। यदि उनीहरुको यो लक्ष पूरा हुन अर्को ३० वर्ष लाग्ने हो भने चुनावमा किन भाग नलिने? ७ पार्टी र माओवादीको मित्रता सत्ता प्राप्तिमा सीमित छैन भने त्यो मित्रतालाई चुनावमा लगेर बहुमत ल्याएर सम्विधानको सम्सोधन किन नगर्ने? यसो गर्दा राजालाई अप्ठेरो त पर्छ तर त्यसपछि उनको चाल के रहन्छ, त्यसलाई पनि माथ गर्ने आफ्नो चाल हुनु पर्žयो। अहिले जस्तै तिम्रा भाबी सन्तानले कसरी राज गर्छन हेरौला भनेर धारे हात देखाएर राजालाई केही फरक पर्दैन। एउटा सत्य कुरा के हो भने हामी नेपाली हाम्रो पुर्खाको देश भनेर नेपाललाई जति माया गर्छौ राजाले त्यो भन्दा बढी गर्छन। उनको त पुर्खाले आर्जेको मुलुक। सही र गलत भन्ने कुरा हैन यो। देशप्रतिको आशक्ति कति छ भन्ने कुरा हो। त्यसैले राजाहरुले देशप्रति सम्झौता गरेका छैनन् र गर्दैनन् पनि। तर विगतको आचरण हेर्दा अहिलेका नेताहरुले देशप्रति गद्दारी गर्दैनन् भन्न सकिन्न। त्यसैले भारतसितको सांठगांठले पार्टी र माओवादी दुबैलाई नोक्सान पुर्žयाउने निष्चित छ। त्यसैले भारत र चीनको खेलमा पनि राजा एक कदम अघि नै छन्। सायद नेताहरुलाई आफू चुकेको होश छैन। त्यसैले, यथास्थितिमा पार्टीहरुको एक मात्र हतियार चुनाव हो। संसद कब्जा गरेर मात्र उनीहरुको असली खेल सुरु हुन्छ। सही समयमा सही चाल नचाल्ने हो भने उनीहरुको सक्षमता प्रति प्रश्न चिन्ह मात्र हैन पूर्ण बिराम नै लाग्ने देखिन्छ।
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pire
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Posted on 12-23-05 1:33
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dodhare: jasto nam, testai lekhai. kuro garya pani tatto na chharo, chunab ma bhag linu re. chunab jitera satta kabja hune bhaye khai barma ma ang san su kyi le gareko? argument bujhnu chhaina tesai fyatta boldine?
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world_map
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Posted on 12-23-05 1:42
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दोधारेजीका यी विश्लेषण धेरै हदसम्म सही लाग्यो मलाई। राजाको भावी चाल के हो कसैलाई थाहा छैन, मावोवादीको भावी चाल पनि कसैलाइ थाहा छैन, तर पार्टीहरूको भविष्यको चाल के हो उनीहरू स्यवंलाई थाहा छैन। त्यसकारण पार्टीहरू यहाँ सबभन्दा धर्मर र अस्थिर शक्तिको रूपमा देखा परेका छन्।
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pire
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Posted on 12-23-05 3:37
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dodhare: "unko ta purkhale arjeko muluk" re? How the hell can you say that? How about my purkha? You think prithvi was the lone gun slinger who went around winning territory? teso bhaye kirtipure harule ta ahileka rajako santan lai samatera kate pani bhayo, tinaka purkha ko ta hurmat liyiyeko thiyo tesbela. you make this kind of argument once again, and you know, i might go crazy, afterall.
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Nepe
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Posted on 12-23-05 4:01
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Ashu, Being a third rate scientist is no crime, abusing an academic theory is. And the later is what we are discussing here. Let's keep the discussion limited to that for now. Shall we ? So, you are maintaining that your theory that taking part in the election will strengthen political parties in their conflict with the King is consistent with Schelling's theory ? Let's check your proof. You wrote: >Here's the logic: ...No one expects the parties to take part in the elections. First, this is a wrong assumption, actually a deceitful assumption which I will explain shortly. Second, your conclusion regarding taking part in the election is based solely on this assumption and behold.. this assumption itself does not derive from Schelling's theory ! So, Mr. First rate scholar, what you actually were doing is pretending to use Schelling's theory only to sound credible when in fact you were drawing a deceitful conclusion from a deceitful assumption. Let's get back to your assumption. " No one expects the parties to take part in the elections" Are you saying that when the King in last October announced his directive to conduct parliamentary election by 2063 saal, (6 months earlier than his initial self-mandate of 3 years completes), he was sure it is not going to be participated by the political parties ? In other words, the King announced the election expecting that political parties are not going to take part in it ? He had some other purpose in his mind which will be destroyed if political parties take part in the election ? Ashu, you are either a genius which nobody understands, that because your assumption is so weird, or an insider who knows King's mind which nobody knows. Otherwise, all the political observers and commentators I have heard and read are saying the incentive to the King for the election is to get LEGITIMACY to all of his action and thus strengthen his position in future bargaining. As the chance for bargaining is getting slimmer and slimmer (with increasingly stronger public voice for finishing monarchy off) instead, the King is disparate for legitimacy. That's why he is not even waiting for his three years of self-mandate to complete. That's why he is disparate for an election legitimized by the participation of major political parties. But Ashu is saying the opposite. He is implying that the King is disparate for an election NOT PARTICIPATED by the seven parties for some reason and so taking part in the election by them would be a blow to King's plot. And all this derives from Schelling and his game theory ! Man, it's your own game theory, not Shelling's. **** **** **** You accused that I have been selective. >You have -- in your self-selective fashion -- POUNCED >on ONLY the "election" suggestion, while keeping quiet >about the "republican" recommendation. Are you blind or what ? Did you not read the opening lines of my first posting ? Let me reproduce them. I wrote: "It does not take Schelling to see that bringing staunch republicans in the leadership will make our political parties stronger. The strength of political parties is the mass and recent demonstrations have clearly shown that the mass rallies only behind the slogan of republic. And let us not forget that the Maoists came to this point of their strength riding the wagon of republic." What do you want more than this ? Let me elaborate a little bit. My point is that the DETERMINING FACTOR for winning in this conflict is the MASS SUPPORT and nothing else. No matter what game the three players play, if that does not win the MASS SUPPORT, nobody is going to win. The stalemate will continue. In other words, our political conflict is beyond the game and game theory to resolve, if you exclude the MASS in the equation. And that's exactly how you were presenting the case- excluding the MASS and assuming you can reach to a resolution through maneuvering, through playing game. No. Mass support is name of the game. And your 'republican' recommendation was a part of that game, not Schelling's game and certainly not a game of "unpredictability". Republican does not stand for "unpredictability". It stands for " unambiguity " and "determination" for LOKTANTRA the mass is rallying behind, hence the strength it brings. __
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Nepe
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Posted on 12-23-05 4:18
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दोधारेज्यू, सम्विधान संसोधन गरेर राजालाई हटाउन वा निराधिकार बनाउन सकिन्छ भन्ने विश्वासमा तपाईको छलफल अडेको छ । तपाई सहि हुनुहोला । तर राजनैतिक दलहरुका कार्यकर्ताहरु त्यसमा पटक्कै विश्वास गर्दैनन् । समस्या त्यसैमा छ ।
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world_map
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Posted on 12-23-05 4:40
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जनताले देशलाइ यति माया गर्छन्, राजाले देशलाई त्यो भन्दा बढी माया गर्छन् भनी तौलेर हेर्ने कुनै भरपर्दो आधार छैन। सबै नेपालीले नेपाललाइ उत्तिकै माया गर्छन्, केवल माया गर्ने तरीका मात्र फरक छ। अहिलेको परिस्थितिमा राजा र प्रजा भन्ने शब्दावली नै महत्त्वहीन भइसकेको छ, सबै जनता हुन्, मात्र नेपाली नागरिक। श्री ज्ञानेन्द्र शाह पनि एक नेपाली नागरिक हुन्, आम नेपाली नागरिक झैं। उनले पहिले असल नेपाली नागरिक बन्न सिक्नु पर्छ, अनि मात्र देशको स्थिति बिस्तारै सुध्रँदै जान्छ।
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nepesahila
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Posted on 12-23-05 5:40
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राजाले देशलाई जनताले भन्दा मायाँ गर्छन् भन्ने ग्यारेन्टि को रुपमा 'उनको पूर्खाले आर्ज्याको मुलुक' भएकोले भन्ने कुरा सिर्फ एउटा भावनात्मक तर्कमात्र हो।
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dodhare
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Posted on 12-23-05 5:43
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म पनि आफूलाई आफ्नो मातृभूमिप्रति कसैको भन्दा कम माया गर्नेको पंतीमा राख्दिन। तर म र मेरो पुर्खाको ईतिहास नेपालको बासिन्दाको रुपमा छ। मैले नेपाल गुमाउंदा मेरो राज्य गुमाउंछु भने राजाले राज गुमाउंछ। राज्य गुमाउनु र राज गुमाउनु फरक कुरा हुन। त्यसैले हाम्रो आशक्ति (attachment) पनि घटी र बढी हुन्छ। आशक्ति अनुसारको चाहना/माया हुन्छ। यसलाई राजाको घमण्ड/अहम को रुपमा लिन सकिन्छ। तर मैले माथि नै भने यसलाई ठीक या बेठीक भनेर तौलन मिल्दैन।
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Nepe
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Posted on 12-23-05 6:19
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प्रश्न न त मायाको हो, न त मात्राको । प्रश्न प्राथमिकताको हो । ज्ञानेन्द्रको प्राथमिकता पैसा र शक्ति हो । मुलुक पछि आउँछ । प्रमाण ? ज्ञानेन्द्र स्वयंले नेपाललाई गणतन्त्र घोषणा गरे (अझ राम्रो त त्यसपछि एउटा राजनैतिक पार्टी खोलेर प्रतिस्पर्धात्मक राजनीति गरे, नभए सामान्य नागरिक भएर रहे पनि हुन्छ ) मुलुक त रहिरह्यो नै, तर पैसा र शक्ति भने (राज्यको ढुकुटी र गद्धिबाट आउने) भएन । के यो उनलाई स्वीकार होला ? उत्तर स्पष्ट र निष्कर्ष पनि । ज्ञानेन्द्रको मात्रै प्राथमिकता त्यस्तो भनेको चाहिं होईन नि । सबैको प्राथमिकता हो त्यो । र यसलाई जीवनको यथार्थ मानेर अर्थात राजनीति लगायत सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई पैसा, शक्ति वा कुनै लाभको लागि हुने संघर्षको रुपमा जानेर त्यो संघर्षलाई व्यवस्थित र नियमित गर्नुलाई आजको युगको अर्डर मानिन्छ । त्यसको नाम पनि छ । र त्यो नाम हो DEMOCRACY.
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Nepe
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Posted on 12-23-05 6:19
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प्रश्न न त मायाको हो, न त मात्राको । प्रश्न प्राथमिकताको हो । ज्ञानेन्द्रको प्राथमिकता पैसा र शक्ति हो । मुलुक पछि आउँछ । प्रमाण ? ज्ञानेन्द्र स्वयंले नेपाललाई गणतन्त्र घोषणा गरे (अझ राम्रो त त्यसपछि एउटा राजनैतिक पार्टी खोलेर प्रतिस्पर्धात्मक राजनीति गरे, नभए सामान्य नागरिक भएर रहे पनि हुन्छ ) मुलुक त रहिरह्यो नै, तर पैसा र शक्ति भने (राज्यको ढुकुटी र गद्धिबाट आउने) भएन । के यो उनलाई स्वीकार होला ? उत्तर स्पष्ट र निष्कर्ष पनि । ज्ञानेन्द्रको मात्रै प्राथमिकता त्यस्तो भनेको चाहिं होईन नि । सबैको प्राथमिकता हो त्यो । र यसलाई जीवनको यथार्थ मानेर अर्थात राजनीति लगायत सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई पैसा, शक्ति वा कुनै लाभको लागि हुने संघर्षको रुपमा जानेर त्यो संघर्षलाई व्यवस्थित र नियमित गर्नुलाई आजको युगको अर्डर मानिन्छ । त्यसको नाम पनि छ । र त्यो नाम हो DEMOCRACY.
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Nepe
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Posted on 12-23-05 6:19
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प्रश्न न त मायाको हो, न त मात्राको । प्रश्न प्राथमिकताको हो । ज्ञानेन्द्रको प्राथमिकता पैसा र शक्ति हो । मुलुक पछि आउँछ । प्रमाण ? ज्ञानेन्द्र स्वयंले नेपाललाई गणतन्त्र घोषणा गरे (अझ राम्रो त त्यसपछि एउटा राजनैतिक पार्टी खोलेर प्रतिस्पर्धात्मक राजनीति गरे, नभए सामान्य नागरिक भएर रहे पनि हुन्छ ) मुलुक त रहिरह्यो नै, तर पैसा र शक्ति भने (राज्यको ढुकुटी र गद्धिबाट आउने) भएन । के यो उनलाई स्वीकार होला ? उत्तर स्पष्ट र निष्कर्ष पनि । ज्ञानेन्द्रको मात्रै प्राथमिकता त्यस्तो भनेको चाहिं होईन नि । सबैको प्राथमिकता हो त्यो । र यसलाई जीवनको यथार्थ मानेर अर्थात राजनीति लगायत सम्पूर्ण कुरालाई पैसा, शक्ति वा कुनै लाभको लागि हुने संघर्षको रुपमा जानेर त्यो संघर्षलाई व्यवस्थित र नियमित गर्नुलाई आजको युगको अर्डर मानिन्छ । त्यसको नाम पनि छ । र त्यो नाम हो DEMOCRACY.
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Nepe
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Posted on 12-23-05 6:22
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sorry for multiple postings
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nepesahila
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Posted on 12-23-05 6:22
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बिश्वको परिस्थितिलाई हेर्दा अहिले कुनै पनि देशको राजा अथवा रानीले आफ्नो पदनै सर्वस्व ठान्ने र एकाधिकार लिएर आफ्नो नियन्त्रणमा राज्य चलाउने हिम्मत गर्नु मुर्खता मात्र हो। न त अहिले संसारका कुनैपनि ब्यक्तिले यस्तो पदप्रति राम्रो धारणानै राख्छ। राजालाई यो कुरा अवगत नभएको पनि हैन। त्यसैले समय अनुसार उनको देशप्रतिको मायाँ परिबर्तन भैसकेको छ। यो हैन कि उनलाई देशको कुनै मतलब छैन। तर उनका संपूर्ण तरिकाहरु गलत देखिएकाछन्।
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